| Headline earnings per share | Headline earnings divided by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year (net of treasury and empowerment shares). | |
| Dividend cover | Headline earnings per share divided by the total ordinary dividend per share for the year, comprising the interim dividend paid and final dividend declared post year-end. Where applicable the denominator includes the capital distribution paid out of share premium. | |
| Net worth per ordinary share | Interest of ordinary shareholders after deducting the cost of treasury and empowerment shares divided by the number of ordinary shares in issue at the year end, excluding treasury and empowerment shares. | |
| Asset turnover | Revenue divided by the average of net assets, excluding cash resources, short-term and long-term borrowings, taxation, shareholders for dividends and the carrying value of investments, at the beginning and end of the financial year. | |
| Working capital per R1 000 revenue | The average of inventory and receivables less payables, excluding dividends payable to shareholders and taxation, at the beginning and end of the financial year divided by revenue (R’000). | |
| Operating margin | Operating profit as a percentage of revenue. | |
| Non-operational items | Items of income and expenditure which are not directly attributable to normal operations and where their size or nature are such that additional disclosure is considered appropriate. | |
| Effective taxation rate | Taxation charge in the income statement as a percentage of profit before taxation. | |
| Return on equity | Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders excluding non-operational items divided by issued capital and reserves. | |
| Return on average net assets employed | Operating profit as a percentage of the average of net assets, excluding cash resources, short-term and long-term borrowings, taxation, shareholders for dividends and the carrying value of investments, at the beginning and end of the financial year. | |
| Current ratio | Ratio of current assets to current liabilities. | |
| Net interest cover | Operating profit plus dividend income divided by net finance costs. | |
| Net funding | Capital and reserves, non-controlling interests and long-term and short-term borrowings net of cash. | |
| Net debt | Cash and cash equivalents less long-term borrowings and short-term borrowings. | |
| Total liabilities | Long-term borrowings and current liabilities. | |
| Total equity | Total equity includes ordinary share capital and share premium, less treasury shares and shares held by empowerment entities, plus reserves and non-controlling interests. | |
| Cash flow to net liabilities | Cash generated from operations after interest and taxation as a percentage of total liabilities less cash resources. | |
| Dividend yield | Dividends and capital distributions as a percentage of year-end market price per share. | |
| Earnings yield | Headline earnings per share as a percentage of year-end market price per share. | |
| Price:earnings ratio | Year-end market price per share as a multiple of headline earnings per share. |